Wages rose by 5.5% in 2022, the largest increase since 2018, when they rose by 5.6%, according to the employment price index (IPT) published by the National Institute of Statistics (INE) on Friday.
This indicator measures the variation in the wage cost paid by employers for the pool of existing jobs, but is not affected by changes in the quantity and quality of jobs.
In this way, the compositional effect resulting from, among other factors, changes in the number of working hours, the type of contract, the characteristics of workers, seniority and professional promotion is excluded.
The 5.5% rise in wages recorded in 2022 contrasts with the 2.1% rise seen in 2021 and, above all, with the 0.6% decline in 2020, the year in which the Covid epidemic spread.
IPT data shows that wages rose in 2022 for both women (+5.9%) and men (+5.1%), by 7.1% among temporary workers and 5.2% indefinitely, and grew across all age groups, especially among workers under 25 (+11.6%).
Hospitality, the sector with the highest wage increase
In terms of economic activities, the largest salary increases in 2022 were in the hospitality sector (+14.9%); arts, entertainment and leisure activities (+12.7%) and real estate activities (+6.1%).
For its part, the most moderate growth rates were recorded in the sectors of information, communications and public administration (+3.8% in both cases) and professional, scientific and technical activities (+3.9%).
By contract type, wages for temporary workers rose 7.1% in 2022, compared to a 5.2% increase among permanent workers, while, by day type, full-time workers saw their wages rise by 5.1% and part-time employees by 8.8. %.
Analyzing labor prices by occupation, managers and directors saw the smallest wage increase, up 2.4%, followed by technicians and support professionals (+4.5%).
Conversely, the largest increases in IPT occurred in primary occupations (+6.7%) and plant and machinery operators and assemblers (+6.2%).
By age, wages rose across all age groups in 2022. The largest increase was among those under 25 (+11.6%), followed by the 25-34 group (+7.2%) and those aged 35-44 (+ 5.4%). The most moderate increases were recorded in the 55 and over group (+5.2%) and the 45 to 54 group (+4.7%).
By nationality, IPT reflects a 5.3% increase in wages for workers with Spanish nationality, compared to a 7.5% increase for foreigners.
All societies raise wages by 2022
In 2022, all the autonomous communities increased wages, especially the Balearic Islands (+15.3%), Cantabria (+6.6%) and La Rioja (+6.2%).
The most moderate wage increases occurred in the Basque Country (+3.2%), Navarre (+3.7%) and Murcia, up 4.2% compared to 2021.
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